Moscow has proceeded with arms deals with Tehran, in spite of American and Israeli criticism, delivering Tor-M1 air defense missile systems to Iran. According to Russian media reports, more than 30 of the sophisticated systems will be delivered to Iran. The $1.4 billion Tor-M1 contract includes conventional weapons, and does not violate any international agreements.

The Tor-M1 is a fifth-generation integrated mobile air defense system designed for operation at medium, low, and very low altitudes against fixed or rotary wing aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, guided missiles, and other high-precision weapons. Russia says the defense system is purely defensive due to its short range.

Still, the United States and Israel have called on Russia to cease all weapons exports to Iran, as well as stopping any nuclear cooperation they might have with the Islamic Republic. Both the US and Israel claim Iran is planning on creating nuclear weapons, contrary to CIA and Russian reports which say the evidence of such a program is non-existent. In August, the US announced sanctions against 7 foreign companies, including two from India and two from Russia, for high-tech business dealings with Iran. The sanctions prohibit the companies from doing business with the US government or acquiring American high-technology items.

Iran has been ordered by the UN to cease enriching uranium, but it has ignored the demands. The Islamic Republic claims it has a right to pursue a peaceful nuclear program as a signatory to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The UN Security Council is currently in stalemate on the severity of sanctions on Iran since Russia holds veto power as a permanent member. The Russian media has previously reported that Moscow had conducted talks on selling more powerful long-range S-300 air defense missiles to Iran in the future, a claim Russian officials deny.

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