According to a new report by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), greenhouse gas emissions threaten at least 75 percent of key fishing grounds. An increase in carbon dioxide will raise the acidity of the world’s oceans, destroying corals and planktonic organisms at the base of the food chain. Additionally, the ocean’s natural pumping systems, which bring nutrients to fisheries and also help flush out wastes and pollution, are under threat.

Plummeting fish stocks are expected to affect 2.6 billion people, who derive their protein from seafood, as the world’s oceans get warmer. The worst effects of climate change, over-harvesting, bottom trawling, invasive species infestations, coastal development, and pollution are concentrated in 10 to 15 percent of oceans, far higher than previously thought.

“Climate change threatens coastal infrastructure, food and water supplies, and the health of people across the world,” said UNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner. “This is as much a development and economic issue as it is an environmental one.”

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